NFX 0032 EUROPE 1
01. Willow Tit ( Parus montanus ) 3'57"
CU calls from chick at nest hole entrance, with other chicks calling in b/g, distant calls from Chiffchaff and Pied Wagtail, distant cow-bells. USE: From central western and northern Europe to eastern Russia including Alps, as spots: S. England. TIME: June-August.
02. Willow Tit ( Parus montanus ) 0'50"
CU calls from chicks being fed in nest hole, adult calls on arrival, distant Nutcracker, voices and cow-bells. USE: From S. Sandinavia and the Alps to eastern Russia, as spots: S. England and central western Europe. TIME: June-August.
03. Willow Tit ( Parus montanus ) 2'03"
CU calls from chicks being fed in nest hole, adult arrives at start and leaves, loud calls from chick at entrance, adult flies in at end but doesn't stay, ocassional Nutcracker in distance. USE & TIME: As track 2.
04. Black Redstart ( Phoenicurus ochruros ) 0'35"
CU aggressive calls from conflict between two birds, distant Alpine Marmot at start and faint voices in b/g. USE: Alps and central Pyrenees, as spots: From S & W Europe to W China, not UK. TIME: Spring/Summer.
05. Mountain, Alpine coniferous forest, Tree-line atmosphere 7'33"
Coal Tit ( Parus ater ) Willow Tit ( Parus montanus ) Calls and song from Coal Tits, calls from Willow Tits, Black Redstarts, Alpine Marmot, Redpoll, Lesser Whitethroats, people talking in b/g - particularly at start, distant Nutcracker at times. USE: Alps. Tits as spots: within range. TIME: Spring/Summer.
06. Wood Warbler ( Phylloscopus sibilatrix ) 2'20"
MCU-CU song, Song Thrush, Robin and Goldcrest in distance, slight wind in trees. USE: Europe east to the Urals, except far north, Ireland and Iberia. TIME: April-July.
07. Wood Warbler ( Phylloscopus sibilatrix ) 2'28"
MCU-CU song, Song Thrush in distance, slight wind in trees at times. USE & TIME: As track 6.
08. Wood Warbler ( Phylloscopus sibilatrix ) 4'39"
MCU-CU song from bird moving between different 'song posts', Song Thrush, Cuckoo, Wren and Robin in distance, slight wind in trees at times. USE & TIME: As track 6.
09. House Cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) 1'14" Mono
CU stridulation from a single, traffic in b/g at times. USE: North Africa, Middle East and SW Asia, introduced in UK and S. Europe. TIME: Warm/hot evenings, in UK usually July-August only.
10. House Cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) 1'07" Mono
CU stridulation from a single, distant traffic towards end. USE & TIME: As track 9.
11. House Cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) 2'29" Mono
CU stridulation from a single, ocassional distant traffic. USE & TIME: As track 9.
12. Cetti's Warbler ( Cettia cetti ) 0'40" Mono
MD-MCU song, Chaffinch, Reed Bunting, Moorhen and insects in distance. USE: Willow thickets near water in S. England and W. France. As spots: Iberia, S. France, Italy and islands, SE Europe and northern Middle East. TIME: Spring-Summer, as spots: will sing all year.
13. Reed Warbler ( Acrocephalus scirpaceus ) 0'26" Mono
MCU alarm calls, other Reed Warblers and insects in b/g. USE: In reed-beds throughout Europe, except north, Scotland or Ireland. TIME: Mid April-August.
14. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 2'31"
CU calls from chicks in nest box, about 10 days old, adult arrives and feeds, one chick wing-exercising after feed, Blackbird sings in distance. USE: Europe, except Iceland. TIME: May/June.
15. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 3'16"
CU wing-exercising and calls from chicks in nest box, about 10 days old, adult arrives feeds chicks and leaves, calling outside, Blackbird sings in distance. USE & TIME: As track 14.
16. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 1'00"
Adult calls from outside nest box, then CU feeding chicks, about 10 days old, second adult arrives and feeds. USE & TIME: As track 14.
17. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 2'05"
CU calls, wing-exercising and movement in nest box from 10-day-old chicks, adults arrive and feed twice. USE & TIME: As track 14.
18. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 2'32"
CU calls from 10-day-old chicks in nest box, adults arrive and feed twice. USE & TIME: As track 14.
19. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 3'50"
CU calls and wing-exercising from 10-day-old chicks in nest box, adults arrive and feed three times. USE & TIME: As track 14.
20. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 5'02"
CU calls and wing-exercising from 10-day-old chicks in nest box, calls from a single chick, adults arrive and feed six times. USE & TIME: As track 14.
21. Great Tit ( Parus major ) 3'45"
22. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 3'02" Mono
MCU calls from several while feeding on water, calls from Mute Swan, Mallard, Coot and Greylag Goose, water movement from feeding birds. USE: UK, S. Sweden, N. France to N. Poland. TIME: Winter.
23. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 1'46"
MCU calls, greeting calls, trumpeting and splashes from birds arriving and on water, Greylag Goose and Coot in b/g, water movement. USE & TIME: As track 22.
24. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 3'12"
MCU calls while feeding on water, calls from Coot, Mallard and Greylag Goose, water movement. USE & TIME: As track 22.
25. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 3'23" Mono
CU calls while feeding on water, greeting calls, calls from Coot, distant Mallard and Greylag Goose at times, swans landing and taking off in b/g, water movement. USE & TIME: As track 22.
26. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 3'17"
MD-MCU calls while feeding, lots of water movement, calls from Coot, Mallard, Wigeon, Greylag Goose and Mute Swan. USE & TIME: As track 22.
27. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 1'32"
CU-MCU trumpeting and calls while feeding on water, calls from Mute Swans, Greylag Goose and Coot, water movement. USE & TIME: As track 22.
28. Whooper Swan ( Cygnus cygnus ) 2'04"
MCU awareness calls, calls from Mallard, Coot and distant Wigeon, water movement. USE & TIME: As track 22.
Recorded: Stelvio National Park, Alps, Italy, 3-4/8/97. New Forest, 8/6/96. Bristol, 22/8/95. Westhay, Somerset, 25/6/95. Bristol, 28/5/94. Welney, Norfolk, 12/1/96. Recorded by Nigel Tucker. Recorded digitally in Left & Right Stereo, or Mono where stated.